Boer, H. (Hendrik Boer was also one of the early pioneers of gas chromatography. He studied at the Municipal University of Amsterdam and obtained his doctorate in 1949. He then joined Shell (Amsterdam) and worked in a number of fields of chemistry, in particular, gas chromatography instrumentation which he commenced in 1952. Hendrik Boer’s major contribution to gas chromatography was the first ionization detector which he described at the first International Symposium on Vapor Phase Chromatography held in London in 1956. The sensor volume was about 2.5 ml in volume and 25 mc of 90Strontium was used as the ionizing radio active source. The device had a linear response when operating under the correct conditions and a sensitivity of about 1 x 10-6 g/ml. The Boer detector was the forerunner of all other ionization types of ionization detectors (with the exception of the flame ionization detector)such as the argon detector and the electron capture detector. Hendrik Boer also was one of the first to introduce multidimensional gas chromatography.

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Author: RPW Scott Book:Liquid Chromatography
Section:HPLC   References

K. K. Unger, Angew .  Chem . Int . Engl . 11(1972)267. 13. M. Le Page, R. Beau, and J. Duchene, Fr. Pat., No 1.473,240 (1967). 14. M. Le Page and A. de Vries, Fr. Pat., No 1.475,929 (1967). 15. K. Unger and B. Scharf, Ger.. Pat., No 2,155,281 (1971). 16. D. W. Sindorf and G. E. Maciel, J. AM. Chem. Soc.      105(1983)1487. 17. D. W. Sindorf and G. E. Maciel, J. Phys. Chem. 87(1983)5516. 18. J.M.Vleeskens, Thesis, University of Technology , Delft, The Netherlands,(1959). 19. J.H.de Boer and J.M.Vleeskens,Koninkl.ned.Akad.Wet.,       Proc.B61,2,(1957)85. 20. J.H.de Boer,J.H.Linsen and C.Okkerse,Koninkl.ned.Akad.Wet.,      Proc.B63,(1958)360

HPLC   References

Author: RPW Scott Book:Gas Chromatography Detectors
Section:GC-Detectors   Early-GC-Detectors   Emissivity

The b–ray ionization detector was also introduced by Boer [9] in 1956. This was the first ionization detector that utilized a radioactive source and the design of the detector is shown diagramatically in figure 9. It consisted of a reference cell, through which pure carrier gas passed, and a sensor cell, which carried the column eluent. Each cell contained a 90strontium b emitting source that the three stage fission terminating in the stable atom of 90zirconium. The ionization currents formed (collected by appropriate electrode potentials)

GC-Detectors   Early-GC-Detectors   Emissivity

Author: RPW Scott Book:Gas Chromatography Detectors
Section:GC-Detectors   Ionization-Detectors

nbsp; Ionization Detectors The first ionization detector to be developed was the cross-section detector of Boer (9) which, although competitive at the time, has limited sensitivity (e.g. 10-6 g/ml, about that of the katharometer or the flame thermocouple detector). However, in the 1950s and early 1960s Lovelock introduced the argon ionization detector (20-22), an ionization detector that functioned on an entirely different principle. The argon type detectors utilize noble gases to produce metastable argon atoms which have sufficient energy to ionize most organic compounds.   Noble gases,

GC-Detectors   Ionization-Detectors

Author: RPW Scott Book:Gas Chromatography Detectors
Section:GC-Detectors   References

J. P. Martin, Biochem. J. 50(1952)679.  5. A. T. James, The Times Science Review, Summer (1955)8.  6. C. W. Munday and G. R. Primavesi, "Vapor Phase      Chromatography", (Ed. D.H. Desty and C. L. A. Harbourn),       ButterworthsScientific  Publications,(1957)146.  7. N. H. Ray, J. Appl. Chem., 4(1954)21.  8.  R. P. W. Scott, "Vapor Phase Chromatography" (Ed. D.H. Desty       and C. L. A.Harbourn), Butterworths Scientific Publications,       (1957)131.  9.   H.Boer, "Vapor Phase Chromatography" (Ed. D.H. Desty and C.        L. A. Harbourn), Butterworths Scientific Publications (1957)169. 10. D. W. Grant, "Gas Chromatography 1958" (Ed. D. H. Desty),       Butterworths Scientific Publications, (1957)153. 11. N. H. Ray, J. Appl. Chem., 4(1954)21. 12. 1.  J. Harley, W. Neland V. Pretorious, Nature, London,       181(1958)177. 13.  I. G. McWilliams and R. A. Dewer, "Gas Chromatography 1958",        (Ed. D. H.Desty

GC-Detectors   References