Thus, 
and 
(1)
Consequently
the Volume variance of the peak (
) is given by,
(2)
Table 1. Properties of Three Common Types of Contemporary LC Columns
| Column | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| I.D. (mm) | 4.6 | 3 | 1 |
| Length (cm) | 3 | 10 | 20 |
| Part. Diam. (mm) | 3 | 5 | 10 |
| Flow Rate (ml/min) | 1 | 0.5 | 0.020 |
| Efficiency (n) | 6250 | 12500 | 6250 |
| Ther.Dead Vol (ml) | 0.299 | 0.424 | 0.094 |
 (ml) |
3.78 4s = 15.1 | 3.79 4s = 15.2 | 1.19 4s = 4.76 |
 (ml2) |
1.43 x 10-5 | 1.44 x 10-5 | 1.41 x 10-6 |
 (ml) |
22.68 | 22.74 | 7.14 |
 (ml2) |
5.15 x 10-4 | 5.18 x 10-4 | 5.08 x 10-5 |
 (ml) |
1.19 4s = 4.76 | 1.20 4s = 4.8 | 0.38 4s = 1.52 |
 (ml2) |
1.43 x 10-6 | 1.44 x 10-6 | 1.42 x 10-7 |
| Vi (k'=0) | 5.0 | 5.0 | 1.57 |
| Vi (k'=5) | 30.0 | 30.0 | 9.42 |
| Practical Vi (k'=0) | 0.87 | 0.88 | 0.27 |
| Practical Vi (k'=5) | 5.24 | 5.25 | 1.65 |
| Practical Vi (k'=0) | Capill. Col.100mm 0.073 ml | Capill. Col.200mm 0.412 ml | Capill. Col.300mm 0.760 ml |
| Practical Vi (k'=5) | 0.746 ml | 4.219 ml | 7.784 ml |
